Primary Vasculitis of the Central Nervous System: A Case Report with Various Clinical and Semiological Spectra to Consider
Farid Abedrabbo, MD1*; Pablo Granda1; Galo Arcentales, MD1; Rocio Álvarez, MD1; Helder Peñaloza, MD1; Carolina Aulestia, MD1
1Hospital Vozandes Quito, Ecuador.
*Corresponding Author: Farid Abedrabbo, MD, Hospital Vozandes Quito, Ecuador.
https://doi.org/10.58624/SVOANE.2025.06.016
Received: June 04, 2025
Published: June 25, 2025
Citation: Abedrabbo F, Granda P, Arcentales G, Alvarez R, Penaloza H, Aulestia C. Primary Vasculitis of the Central Nervous System: A Case Report with Various Clinical and Semiological Spectra to Consider. SVOA Neurology 2025, 6:3, 83-85. doi. 10.58624/SVOANE.2025.06.016
Abstract
We report the case of a 47-year-old Ecuadorian woman with no significant medical history who presented with sentinel headache associated with homonymous hemianopia visual deficit. Initial imaging studies showed signs of bilateral occipital parenchymal hemorrhage and superimposed subarachnoid hemorrhage. Initial management focused on hemorrhagic lesions with adequate evolution without a clear identified etiology. On the 15th day of hospitalization, one day before discharge, she presented with multifocal neurological deficits associated with Balint's syndrome and the presence of multifocal ischemic strokes on MRI with suggestive signs of vasculitis in neurovascular study. After excluding infectious, primary vascular, autoimmune, and neoplastic causes, a diagnosis of primary central nervous system vasculitis was established. Following the initiation of immunosuppressive treatment, her clinical evolution was favorable, with no recurrence of events during follow-up.
Keywords: Central Nervous System Vasculitis, Multifocal Neurological Deficit, Clinical Diagnosis.
