Effect of Addition of Titanium Oxide and Zirconium Oxide Nanoparticles on the Surface Roughness of Heat Cured Denture Base Resins: An In-Vitro study
Background: With the recent advancements in nano-technology, titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NP) and zirconium oxide nanoparticles (ZrO2 NP) are being used as filler to improve the mechanical and biological properties of heat cured denture base resins. Surface roughness of denture base resins is an important physical property as roughened denture surfaces tend to accumulate plague, leading to oral candidiasis. The aim of the study is to compare and evaluate the effect of ZrO2 NP and TiO2 NP on the surface roughness of heat cured poly-methyl methacrylate (PMMA).
Materials sand Method: Previously silane TiO2 NP was mixed with heat cure PMMA polymer with the help of Twin-Screw Extruder. A homogenous mixture of PMMA polymer reinforced with 2% TiO2 NP was made. Similar procedure was done using ZrO2 NP. 90 wax patterns of dimension 10mm diameter & 2mm thickness were prepared using a metal die for surface roughness measurement which was further divided into three groups: GROUP 1-PMMA; GROUP 2- TiO2 NP and PMMA; GROUP 3- ZrO2 NP and PMMA. Excess material was trimmed with acrylic bur, and the surface of the test specimens was standardized by wet grinding with silicon carbide papers and polished with pumice polishing disc, rinsed with tap water, and air dried. Followed by measurement of surface roughness of the samples using a Surface roughness tester 3200.
Results: The highest mean surface roughness was found to be of Group 2 (TiO2 NP + PMMA), 0.4095 µm with the standard deviation of 0.02871 while the lowest mean surface roughness was found to be of Group 1 PMMA group (0.2278 µm with standard deviation of .07769), while the mean surface roughness of ZrO2 NP + PMMA group was found to be 0.3503µm with standard deviation of .04627. Statistically significant difference in surface roughness was found between all three groups.
Conclusion: Within the limitations of the study, it can be concluded that addition of TiO2 NP and ZrO2 NP brings about significant changes in surface roughness of PMMA. Addition of TiO2 NP causes greater change in surface roughness in PMMA when compared to ZrO2 NP.
Keywords: ZrO2, TiO2, PMMA, Nanoparticles, Surface Roughness, surface properties, denture base resins
Citation: Roy Abhinab C, Kaurani P, Padiyar U, Meena S, Gupta A . “Effect of Addition of Titanium Oxide and Zirconium Oxide Nanoparticles on the Surface Roughness of Heat Cured Denture Base Resins: An In-Vitro study”. SVOA Materials Science &Technology, 2021, 3(3) Pages: 36-44.
