Pulmonary Tuberculosis Prevalence and Associated Factors Among Adult Patients Visiting Finchwa Health Center, West Guji Zone, Southern Ethiopia
Alqeer Aliyo1*, Yonas Abdisa1, Gumi Robale2, Dagnamyelew Tilahun1, Lidya Aman1 and Abdullah Ibrahim3
1 Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Institute of Health, Bule Hora University, Bule Hora, Ethiopia.
2 Finchwa Health Center, West Guji Zone, Finchwa, Ethiopia.
3 Department of Environmental Health, College of Health and Medical Sience, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia.
*Corresponding Author: Alqeer Aliyo, Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Institute of Health, Bule Hora University, Bule Hora, Ethiopia.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.58624/SVOAMB.2023.04.034
Received: October 24, 2023 Published: November 09, 2023
Abstract
Background: Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the name of the microorganism that causes tuberculosis. The bacteria typically affect the lungs, but if not adequately treated, it can affect any part of the body, such as the kidney, spine, and brain. In Ethiopia, tuberculosis is a significant public health issue. However, no epidemiological research in the study area has been recorded.
Objective: The study was undertaken to assess the prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis and associated risk factors PTB presumptive patients who visited the Finchawa Health Center from November 2022 to February 2023.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 273 study participants. Structured questionnaire was used to gather sociodemographic and risk factor information. Sputum samples were taken from the study participants and analyzed under a microscope. Data were analyzed by using SPSS Version-25 software. Binary logistic regression analysis adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with respective 95% confidence interval (CI) and the threshold for statistical significance was set at p 0.05.
Result: The prevalence of smear-positive Tb among presumptive patients was 4.8% with 95% CI (2.24–7.29). Prevalence of PTB with HIV co-infections, and PTB with diabetes mellitus (DM) comorbidity were 38.5%, and 27.3%, respectively. In comparison to their counterparts, having a family size greater than five (AOR = 5.15, 95% CI. = 1.46- 18.29), having a history of family contact (AOR = 6.7, 95% CI. = 1.78-22.99) and having a history of Tb infection (AOR = 4.76, 95% CI. I = 1.05-21.62) were all found to be predictors for developing smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis.
Conclusion: The prevalence of smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis in the Finchawa health center was found to be high. Therefore, zonal and town health departments should emphasize detailed tracing of presumptive, regular assessment of PTB suspects and refer to public health care institutions for early diagnosis and initiation of anti-TB treatment.
Keywords: Finchawa Health Center, Presumptive patients, Pulmonary Tuberculosis, West Guji Zone, Southern Ethiopia
Citation: Aliyo A, Abdisa Y, Robale G, Tilahun D, Aman L, Ibrahim A. Pulmonary Tuberculosis Prevalence and Associated Factors Among Adult Patients Visiting Finchwa Health Center, West Guji Zone, Southern Ethiopia. SVOA Microbiology 2023, 4:3, 71-81.
